📊 NISM Series V-DChapter 16 of 22⚖ 13 of 150 marks weightage
Ch.16: Introduction to Options
Practice questions for NISM-Series-VD: Mutual Fund - Specialised Investment Fund Distributors Certification Examination, Chapter 16: Introduction to Options — covering option basics, contract specs, moneyness, intrinsic/time value, payoff charts, futures-vs-options distinctions, the Option Greeks, pricing models, and implied volatility. Carries 13 out of 150 marks. The exam has 150 MCQs, 60% passing score, and −10% negative marking per wrong answer.
48
MCQ
48
Total Qs
13
Exam Marks
60%
Pass Score
-10%
Neg. Marking
What You Will Learn in This Chapter
Concept of options — calls, puts, and the asymmetric rights/obligations of buyer and seller
Option contract terminology, specifications, and moneyness (ITM, ATM, OTM)
Intrinsic value, time value, and payoff charts for long/short calls and puts
Distinction between futures and options, leverage, and the Option Greeks (Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega, Rho)
Option pricing models, implied volatility, and analysis from buyer's and seller's perspectives
AThe obligation to buy or sell the underlying at a predetermined price
BThe right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the underlying on or before a stated date, at a predetermined price
CA guaranteed fixed return regardless of the underlying's price
DVoting rights in the underlying company
Q2MCQMediumBasics of Options
Regarding rights and obligations, who bears the obligation in an option contract?
AOnly the buyer
BOnly the writer/seller — legally bound to honour the contract if the buyer exercises
CBoth the buyer and seller equally
DNeither party has any obligation
Q3MCQEasyBasics of Options
An option that gives the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset is called a:
APut option
BCall option
CForward option
DSpread option
Q4MCQHardContract Specifications
Index option contracts on NSE and BSE are available for trading with which range of maturities?
AOnly monthly maturities
BWeekly, monthly, quarterly (March/June/Sept/Dec cycle), and long-term half-yearly expiries
COnly weekly maturities
DOnly a single near-month contract at any time
Q5MCQMediumContract Specifications
Under SEBI's October 2024 circular effective November 20, 2024, an exchange offering weekly index derivatives is limited to:
AUnlimited benchmark indices with weekly expiry
BOnly one of its benchmark indices with weekly expiry
CExactly three benchmark indices with weekly expiry
DNo weekly expiry contracts at all
Q6MCQMediumContract Specifications
Stock option contracts on the NSE follow which trading cycle?
AA one-month cycle only
BA three-month trading cycle (near, next and far month)
CA six-month cycle
DAn annual cycle
Q7MCQMediumFutures vs Options
Which statement correctly distinguishes the payoff symmetry of futures versus options?
ABoth futures and options have symmetric (linear) payoffs
BFutures have symmetric risk exposure; options have asymmetric risk exposure — gains and losses differ depending on direction
COptions always have symmetric payoffs like futures
DFutures payoffs are asymmetric while options are symmetric
Q8MCQMediumFutures vs Options
Regarding margin obligations, which statement correctly distinguishes futures from options?
ABoth the futures buyer/seller and the option buyer/seller pay identical margins
BBoth futures buyer and seller pay initial margin; only the option seller pays initial margin, while the option buyer pays only the premium
CNeither futures nor options require any margin
DOnly the futures seller pays margin; the futures buyer does not
Q9MCQMediumFutures vs Options — MTM
Regarding daily mark-to-market (MTM), how do futures and options differ?
ABoth buyer and seller of futures are subject to daily MTM; in options, only the seller is subject to MTM margins
BNeither futures nor options positions are subject to MTM
COnly option buyers are subject to daily MTM
DMTM applies identically to both futures and options buyers and sellers
Q10MCQHardImplied Volatility
Implied volatility of an option is:
AThe historical standard deviation of the underlying's past price changes
BThe volatility figure that, when plugged into an option pricing model along with other known inputs, reproduces the option's actual observed market price
CA volatility number fixed by SEBI for each underlying
DAlways identical to historical volatility
Q11MCQMediumImplied Volatility
When implied volatility is high (e.g., ahead of an event with binary/uncertain outcomes), option traders typically:
ABuy options, since high volatility always signals a bargain
BPrefer selling options, since the elevated premium provides a margin of safety
CAvoid the market entirely until volatility normalizes
DOnly trade the underlying, never the options
Q12MCQMediumIntrinsic and Time Value
The intrinsic value of an option can never be:
AZero
BPositive
CNegative
DEqual to the premium
Q13MCQHardIntrinsic and Time Value
A stock is at Rs.286. A call option with a strike of Rs.260 is quoted at Rs.45. The intrinsic value of this call is:
ARs.19
BRs.26
CRs.45
DRs.0
Q14MCQMediumIntrinsic and Time Value
Which types of options have zero intrinsic value?
AOnly in-the-money options
BAt-the-money and out-of-the-money options
CAll options, regardless of moneyness
DOnly options nearing expiry
Q15MCQMediumLeverage
Leverage in the context of options refers to:
APaying the full contract value upfront
BPaying a relatively small premium for market exposure in relation to the full contract value
CA regulatory cap on position sizes
DThe margin the exchange charges on futures
Q16MCQEasyMoneyness
An out-of-the-money (OTM) call option is one where:
ASpot price is higher than strike price
BSpot price is lower than strike price
CSpot price equals strike price
DThe premium is negative
Q17MCQMediumMoneyness
An at-the-money (ATM) option is best defined, in practice, as the option whose:
AStrike price is exactly zero
BStrike price is closest to the spot price
CPremium is the highest among all available strikes
DExpiry date is nearest
Q18MCQMediumMoneyness
A call option is said to be in-the-money (ITM) when:
ASpot price is lower than strike price
BSpot price is higher than strike price
CSpot price exactly equals strike price
DThe option has less than a week to expiry
Q19MCQMediumOption Greeks — Delta
Delta measures:
AThe sensitivity of the option premium to a small change in the underlying asset's price
BThe sensitivity of the option premium to time decay
CThe sensitivity of the option premium to changes in volatility
DThe sensitivity of the option premium to interest rate changes
Q20MCQHardOption Greeks — Delta
If a call option has a delta of 0.60, a Rs.1 rise in the underlying's price will cause the option premium to change by approximately:
ARs.0.60
BRs.1.60
CRs.0.40
DRs.6.00
Q21MCQHardOption Greeks — Gamma
A call option has a delta of 0.50 and a gamma of 0.08. If the underlying rises by Rs.1, the new delta becomes approximately:
A0.08
B0.42
C0.50
D0.58
Q22MCQMediumOption Greeks — Theta
Theta measures an option's sensitivity to:
AChanges in the underlying's price
BTime decay — the change in option price given a one-day decrease in time to expiration
CChanges in implied volatility
DChanges in the risk-free interest rate
Q23MCQMediumOption Greeks — Vega and Rho
Vega and Rho respectively measure an option's sensitivity to:
AVega to interest rates; Rho to volatility
BVega to changes in implied volatility; Rho to changes in the risk-free interest rate
CBoth measure the same thing — time decay
DVega to the strike price; Rho to the spot price
Q24MCQMediumOption Pricing Fundamentals
How does volatility affect call and put option premiums?
AHigher volatility increases both call and put premiums, since there's a greater chance the option moves in-the-money
BHigher volatility decreases both premiums
CHigher volatility increases call premiums but decreases put premiums
DVolatility has no effect on option premiums
Q25MCQMediumOption Pricing Fundamentals
Higher interest rates generally have what effect on call and put option values?
AIncrease call value, decrease put value
BDecrease call value, increase put value
CIncrease both equally
DNo effect on either
Q26MCQEasyOption Pricing Fundamentals
Which of the following is NOT one of the five fundamental parameters that determine an option's price?
ASpot price of the underlying asset
BVolatility of the underlying asset's price
CThe option buyer's income tax bracket
DTime to expiration
Q27MCQMediumOption Pricing Fundamentals
When the price of the underlying asset rises, what happens to call and put option premiums (all else constant)?
ABoth call and put premiums rise
BCall premium increases, put premium decreases
CCall premium decreases, put premium increases
DBoth remain unaffected
Q28MCQHardOption Pricing Fundamentals — Time Decay
'Time decay' in options refers to:
AThe gradual reduction of the time-value component of an option's premium as expiry approaches
BThe increase in intrinsic value over time
CA decline in the strike price over the contract's life
DThe margin requirement reducing daily
Q29MCQMediumOption Pricing Models
Per the workbook, the Black & Scholes model, published in 1973 by Fischer Black and Myron Scholes, is characterized by:
ABeing an iterative binomial-tree approach
BBeing a relatively simple, fast, non-iterative calculation using five key determinants of option price
CRequiring dividend data as a mandatory input
DBeing applicable only to American-style options
Q30MCQMediumOption Terminology
An American option, as distinguished from a European option, allows the holder to exercise the right:
AOnly on the expiry date
BAt any time on or before the expiry date
COnly within the first week of the contract
DOnly if the option is at-the-money
Q31MCQEasyOption Terminology
In India, exchange-traded index and stock options are:
AAmerican style
BEuropean style
CBermudan style
DA mix of both, depending on the exchange
Q32MCQMediumOption Terminology
Assignment of options refers to:
AThe buyer paying the premium to the seller
BThe allocation of exercised options to one or more option sellers/writers
CThe exchange fixing the option's strike price
DThe daily mark-to-market of an option position
Q33MCQMediumPayoff Charts — Long Call
For a long call with strike Rs.17,500 and premium Rs.95, the Break-Even Point (BEP) is calculated as:
AStrike minus premium = 17,405
BStrike plus premium = 17,595
CStrike alone = 17,500
DPremium alone = 95
Q34MCQMediumPayoff Charts — Long Call
For a long call option buyer, why is no margin payable to the exchange?
ABecause call options never expire worthless
BBecause the buyer's maximum payment obligation is the premium already paid upfront — there is no further loss potential
CBecause margins apply only to put options
DBecause index options are always cash-settled
Q35MCQHardPayoff Charts — Long Call
A trader buys a call at strike 17,500 for a premium of Rs.95 (lot size 50). If the index closes at 18,000 on expiry, the net profit is:
ARs.95 (only the premium)
BRs.500 per unit before premium, Rs.405 per unit after premium (Rs.20,250 for the lot)
CRs.0 — the option expires worthless
DA loss of Rs.95 per unit
Q36MCQHardPayoff Charts — Long Put
For the same long put (strike 17,500, premium Rs.150, lot size 50), what is the theoretical maximum profit, and when does it occur?
AUnlimited profit, as the index can fall indefinitely
BRs.17,350 per unit, achieved only if the index falls all the way to zero at expiry
CCapped at Rs.150 per unit regardless of how far the index falls
DZero — puts have no profit potential for the buyer
Q37MCQHardPayoff Charts — Long Put
A trader buys a put at strike 17,500 for premium Rs.150. The Break-Even Point (BEP) for this position is:
A17,650 (strike + premium)
B17,350 (strike − premium)
C17,500 (strike only)
D150 (premium only)
Q38MCQHardPayoff Charts — Short Call
For a short call position at strike 17,500 with premium Rs.95 received, what happens to gains and losses as the index rises above the strike?
AGains keep rising indefinitely with the index
BGain is capped at Rs.95 (the premium); losses grow unlimited as the index rises above the BEP
CBoth gains and losses are always zero
DThe position automatically converts to a long put
Q39MCQMediumPayoff Charts — Short Options and Margins
Why must an option seller/writer pay margin to the exchange, unlike an option buyer?
ABecause sellers always lose money
BBecause the seller has an obligation (not a right) and faces potentially unlimited losses, posing systemic risk
CBecause SEBI mandates margin only from sellers of call options
DMargins are required from both equally, with no distinction
Q40MCQEasyRisk-Return Profile
A long option position (buyer) has which risk-return profile?
Between a deep-ITM and a deep-OTM option of the same underlying and expiry, which generally offers a higher potential Return on Investment (ROI) if the market moves favourably, and why?
AThe deep-ITM option, because it has more intrinsic value
BThe deep-OTM option, because its lower premium means the same absolute profit represents a much larger percentage gain
CBoth offer identical ROI regardless of premium paid
DROI cannot be computed for options, only for futures
Q42MCQHardROI Analysis — Buyer's Perspective
With the index at 17,562, a call at strike 17,300 costs Rs.327 premium. If the index rises to 17,800 at expiry, the buyer's profit and ROI are approximately:
AProfit Rs.173; ROI ≈ 53%
BProfit Rs.327; ROI ≈ 100%
CProfit Rs.500; ROI ≈ 153%
DLoss of Rs.327; ROI ≈ -100%
Q43MCQMediumSample Question (Official NISM)
'A European call option gives the buyer the right but not the obligation to buy from the seller an underlying at the prevailing market price "on or before" the expiry date.' Is this statement true or false?
ATrue
BFalse
CTrue, but only for index options
DTrue, but only for stock options
Q44MCQMediumSample Question (Official NISM)
The buyer of an option cannot lose more than the option premium paid. Is this true for European options, American options, both, or neither?
ATrue only for European options
BTrue only for American options
CTrue for all options
DFalse for all options
Q45MCQMediumSample Question (Official NISM)
An in-the-money option is:
AAn option with a negative intrinsic value
BAn option which cannot be profitably exercised by the holder immediately
CAn option with a positive intrinsic value
DAn option with zero time value
Q46MCQHardSample Question (Official NISM)
You sold a put option on a share, strike Rs.245, and received a premium of Rs.49. What is the theoretical maximum loss on this position?
ARs.196
BRs.206
CRs.0
DRs.49
Q47MCQMediumSeller's Perspective
A seller of a put option is said to have which market outlook, per the workbook?
ANeutral to bearish
BNeutral to bullish
CStrictly bearish only
DNo view is implied by selling a put
Q48MCQHardSeller's Perspective — Risk
Per the workbook's analysis, why is selling deep in-the-money (ITM) put options considered riskier than selling deep out-of-the-money (OTM) puts, despite the higher premium collected?
ADeep ITM puts have unlimited premium but capped risk
BDeep ITM puts are much more likely to be exercised against the seller at a level well above the current spot price, exposing the seller to larger potential losses
COTM puts cannot be exercised at all
DThere is no difference in risk between the two
About this content: These practice questions are based on the
NISM-Series-VD: Mutual Fund - Specialised Investment Fund Distributors Certification Examination Workbook
published by the National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM), Mumbai (March 2026 edition).
NISM is a SEBI-established institution. Questions cover Chapter 16: Introduction to Options with verified answers and explanations.
BullWiser is an independent exam preparation platform — not affiliated with NISM, SEBI or AMFI.
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